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The Welding Institute (TWI) state that: “Titanium is a reactive metal; it will burn in pure oxygen at 600°C and in nitrogen at around 800°C. Oxygen and nitrogen will also diffuse into titanium at temperatures above 400°C raising the tensile strength but embrittling the metal. In the form of a powder or metal shavings titanium also constitutes a fire hazard. Despite this reactivity titanium is used extensively in chemical processing, offshore, automotive, medical, aerospace and numerous other applications.“

During the welding of titanium, it is therefore crucial that the oxygen level surrounding the weld is purged of oxygen down to as low as 50 ppm or less. Titanium parts are usually welded inside a welding enclosure, where the entire atmosphere surrounding the weld can be kept at a controlled level of oxygen.
